The future
perfect tense has precisely the same meaning as the past perfect, except the
time is the future.
Future Perfect Tense Formation
We make the future perfect tense using
will have and past participle of the main verb. Be going to
is less commonly used instead of will in the future perfect tense.
Structure of Future Perfect Tense
Positive Sentences
Structure:
Subject + will + have + past
participle + Object
Examples
- He will have started his college journey next month.
- We will have finished our study before the match begins.
- The plane will have landed before we reach the airport.
- When our friends arrive, she will have finished washing dishes.
- When the doctor comes to examine him, the patient will have died.
- Before I catch him, he will have gone away.
- By 2050, robots will have taken over many types of work that human beings do today.
Negative Sentences
The negative
of the future perfect is made by inserting not after will. They
are usually contracted as won’t.
Structure:
Subject + will + not + have + past
participle + Object
Examples
- He will not have completed the work before I reach there.
- She will not have achieved her goal.
- She will not have completed the assignment before you go to check it.
- My friend will not have completed his work by evening.
- I will not have reached home before it is dark.
- These novels are too long. I will not have read them by dinner time.
- We will not have found the key to the safe before he comes.
- He will not have got the salary by Monday.
- I will not have shaved before the dinner is ready.
- She will not have written the letter to jack by the evening.
- Why are your children going to school so early? The school will not have opened yet.
Interrogative Sentences
In the interrogative
form of the future perfect tense, we invert the subject with the will.
The interrogative sentences can also be made using different question words
such as who, when, why, etc.
Structure: Will + Subject + have + past participle + Object
Examples
- Will your assistant have typed
twenty pages by next Friday?
- Will she still be in the office at 7 o’clock? I will have left by then.
- Will
you have eaten two pieces
of bread before drinking tea?
- Will they have studied
three chapters by afternoon?
- Will they have moved to a
new house by next month?
- Who
will have done
the presentation by the time I arrive in the class?
- How
much work will they have
done by 6 o’clock?
- Who will have prepared the presentation for the seminar?
Uses of the Future Perfect Tense
The future
perfect tense is used to express an action that will be completed at a specific
point in the future.
Examples
- She will have already washed clothes when I reach home.
This sentence means she will finish wash clothes before I get
home.
- We will have learned some English before I join this academy.
- Before I get home, my mother will have left.
- By this day next year, I will have completed my degree course.
When we add the
length of time to the future perfect tense, it has the same meaning as the future
perfect continuous tense.
Example
- When we finally finish work, I will have slept for three hours. (Future Perfect)
- When we finally finish work, I will have been sleeping for three hours. (Future Perfect Continuous)
This tense is
also used for actions that, at a given future time, will be in the past.
Example
- In three years I will have got the job.
In this sentence, “in three-year time means” three years
from now.
Future
perfect is also used to express time expression
Example
- He will have taught him for two months next week.
The following words describe actions that started in the
past and continued into the present.
Since,
for, whole, all, how long, etc.
Note:
The be going to form is not usually used in the future perfect tense.
Using be going to in the future perfect tense is not wrong, but it makes
the verb long; therefore, we avoid it.
Future Perfect Tense Examples
- After this next exam, I will have completed four semesters.
- This September, we will have lived in Spain for seven years.
- Will you have practiced the presentation before you present it.?
- How much time will we have spent trying to learn this technique?
- You will have learned a lot of software before you take admission to this university.
- I will have sold all the books to my colleagues.
- She will have heated the tea by 9.
- Will you have bought something for me?
- I will have read three novels this day next month.
- How will you have traveled to America next Friday?
- When our relatives arrive next week, we shall have decorated all the rooms.
- It’s five o’clock now; she’ll have reached home by now.
- This government will have ruined the whole country before the next election.
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